FLIP FLOP FLIP FLOP ;)

Flip Flop is a bi-stable multivibrator, used to store 1 bit information.

A multivibrator is an electronic circuit used to implement a variety of simple two-state systems such as oscillators, timers and flip-flops. It is characterized by two amplifying devices (transistors, electron tubes or other devices) cross-coupled by resistors or capacitors.
bistable, in which the circuit is stable in either state. The circuit can be flipped from one state to the other by an external event or trigger.
Latch is different from Flip Flop as it is asynchronous(no clock input) and is level triggered whereas,
Flip Flop is synchronous(has clock input) and is edge triggered.
RS(Reset-Set), JK, T(toggle), D(Delay), Master Slave etc

Handy Note below gives an overview of the effect on the status of the output pin with the clock pulse depending on the status of flip flop inputs :

SR Flip Flop

00 - no change

01 - 0 (reset)

10 - 1 (set)

11 - not allowed

JK Flip Flop

00 - no change

01 - 0 (reset)

10 - 1 (set)

11 - T (toggle)

D Flip Flop

0 - 0

1 - 1

T Flip Flop

0 - no change

1 - T (toggle)

Master Slave Flip Flop

can be D,SR,JK,T.. only that output is obtained on the falling edge of the clock in the case of positive edge triggered flip flop.

Master Slave flip-flop is created by connecting two flip flops in series, and inverting the enable input to one of them. It is called master–slave because the second flip flop in the series only changes in response to a change in the first (master) flip flop.

The term pulse-triggered means that data is entered on the rising edge of the clock pulse, but the output does not reflect the change until the falling edge of the clock pulse.

Have a Happy Day :)

p.s: this is an extremely limited information about flip flops, only to present an overall easy to memorize picture.